The Republic of Italy

[Republic of Italy]

Background:
Italy became a nation-state in 1861 when the city-states of the peninsula, along with Sardinia and Sicily, were united under King Victor EMMANUEL II. An era of parliamentary government came to a close in the early 1920s when Benito MUSSOLINI established a Fascist dictatorship. His disastrous alliance with Nazi Germany led to Italy's defeat in World War II. A democratic republic replaced the monarchy in 1946 and economic revival followed. Italy was a charter member of NATO and the European Economic Community (EEC). It has been at the forefront of European economic and political unification, joining the Economic and Monetary Union in 1999. Persistent problems include illegal immigration, organized crime, corruption, high unemployment, sluggish economic growth, and the low incomes and technical standards of southern Italy compared with the prosperous north.



Country name:
conventional long form: Italian Republic
conventional short form: Italy
local long form: Repubblica Italiana
local short form: Italia
former: Kingdom of Italy
Government type:
republic
Capital:
Rome
Administrative divisions:
16 regions (regioni, singular - regione) and 5 autonomous regions* (regioni autonome, singular - regione autonoma); Abruzzo, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia*, Lazio, Liguria, Lombardia, Marche, Molise, Piemonte, Puglia, Sardegna*, Sicilia*, Toscana, Trentino-Alto Adige*, Umbria, Valle d'Aosta*, Veneto
Independence:
17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not finally unified until 1870)
National holiday:
Republic Day, 2 June (1946)
Constitution:
passed 11 December 1947, effective 1 January 1948; amended many times
Legal system:
based on civil law system; appeals treated as new trials; judicial review under certain conditions in Constitutional Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal (except in senatorial elections, where minimum age is 25)

[Republic of Italy]

Army (Esercito Italiano, EI),
NRDC is located in Solbiate Olona (Lombardy) and has only one regiment at its dependency:

1° Signal Regiment in Milan (Lombardy)
[edit]
COMALP
“Comando Truppe Alpini” or COMALP has command over the light Mountain Troops - called Alpini- of the Italian Army. It is located in Bolzano (South Tyrol) and consist of the following units:

Alpini Training Center in Aosta
6° Alpini Regiment (high altitude training areas) in San Candido (South Tyrol) with 21 Bv206
4° Alpini Paracadutisti (Parachutist) Regiment “Monte Cervino” in Bolzano (South Tyrol) with 21 Bv206 and 33 Puma 4x4 (Forces for Special Operations)
“Tridentina” Alpini Division Command (without fixed units) in Bressanone (South Tyrol)

COMALP command structure“Taurinense” Alpini Brigade in Turin (Piedmont)
2° Alpini Regiment in Cuneo (Piedmont) with 21 Bv206 and Puma 6x6
3° Alpini Regiment in Pinerolo (Piedmont) with 21 Bv206 and Puma 6x6
9° Alpini Regiment in l'Aquila (Abruzzi) with 21 Bv206 and Puma 6x6
1° Cavalry Regiment “Nizza Cavalleria” in Pinerolo (Piedmont) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
1° Mountain Artillery Regiment in Fossano (Piedmont) with 24 FH-70
32° Alpini Engineer Regiment in Turin (Piedmont)
“Julia” Alpini Brigade in Udine (Friuli)
5° Alpini Regiment in Vipiteno (South Tyrol) with 21 Bv206 and Puma 6x6
7° Alpini Regiment in Belluno (Veneto) with 21 Bv206 and Puma 6x6
8° Alpini Regiment in Cividale e Venzone (Friuli) with 21 Bv206 and Puma 6x6
3° Mountain Artillery Regiment in Tolmezzo (Friuli) with 24 FH-70
2° Alpini Engineer Regiment in Trento (Trentino)
1° Hungarian Mechanized Battalion (for out of area NATO peacekeeping deployment)
182. Slovenian Infantry Battalion (for out of area NATO peacekeeping deployment)
[edit]
COMFOD 1
“Comando Forze di Difesa 1” or COMFOD 1 resides in the north-eastern city of Vittorio Veneto (Veneto) and commands the most specialized brigades of the Italian Army:

“Mantova” Mechanized Infantry Division Command (without fixed units)
“Folgore” Parachutist Brigade in Livorno (Tuscany)
Parachutist Training Center in Pisa (Tuscany)
9° Parachutist Assault Regiment “Col Moschin” in Livorno (Tuscany) (Special forces)
183° Parachutist Regiment “Nembo” in Pistoia (Tuscany) with Puma 6x6
186° Parachutist Regiment “Folgore” in Siena (Tuscany) with Puma 6x6
187° Parachutist Regiment “Folgore” in Livorno (Tuscany) with Puma 6x6
185° Parachutist Reconnaissance Regiment “Folgore” in Livorno (Tuscany) (Forces for Special Operations)
8° Parachutist Engineer Regiment in Legnago (Veneto)
“Friuli” Air Assault Brigade in Bologna (Emilia)
3° Cavalry Regiment “Savoia Cavalleria” in Grosseto (Tuscany) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
66° Air Assault Infantry Regiment “Trieste” in Forlì (Romagna) with 33 Puma 4x4
5° Army Aviation Regiment “Rigel” in Casarsa (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with
36 A129 "Mangusta" Attack Helicopters
12 AB 109EOA "Hirundo" Observation helicopters
24 AB 206C/1 Battlefield Surveillance helicopter
7° Army Aviation Regiment “Vega” in Rimini (Romagna) with
24 A129 "Mangusta" Attack Helicopters
12 AB 109EOA "Hirundo" Observation helicopters
24 AB 412 Support helicopters and
48 AB 206C/1 Battlefield Surveillance helicopter
“Pozzuolo del Friuli” Cavalry Brigade in Gorizia (Friuli-Venezia Giulia)
2° Cavalry Regiment “Piemonte Cavalleria” in Trieste (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
4° Cavalry Regiment “Genova Cavalleria” in Palmanova (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
5° Cavalry Regiment “Lancieri di Novara” in Codroipo (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
Lagunari (Marine Infantry) Regiment “Serenissima ” in Venice (Veneto) with 25 AAV7-A1 and Puma 6x6
Artillery Regiment “a cavallo” in Milan (Lombardy) with 24 FH-70
3° Engineer Regiment in Udine (Friuli-Venezia Giulia)
“Ariete” Armored Brigade in Pordenone (Friuli-Venezia Giulia)
4° Tank Regiment in Bellinzago Novarese (Piedmont) with 54 Ariete
32° Tank Regiment in Tauriano (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 54 Ariete
132° Tank Regiment in Cordenons (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 54 Ariete
3° Bersaglieri mechanized Infantry Regiment in Milan (Lombardy) with 50 VCC (M113 improved)
11° Bersaglieri mechanized Infantry Regiment in Orcenigo Superiore (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 50 Dardo
132° Self propelled Artillery Regiment “Ariete” in Maniago (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) with 32 M109/L
10° Engineer Regiment in Cremona (Lombardy)
[edit]
COMFOD 2
“Comando Forze di Difesa 2” or COMFOD 2 resides in S. Giorgio a Cremano near Naples and commands 5 brigades. Three of those, the brigades “Aosta”, “Pinerolo” and “Granatieri di Sardegna” are made up of one year volunteers and therefore are supposed to be used only on Italian soil. COMFOD 2 commands:

“Acqui” Infantry Division Command (without fixed units)
60° Training Battalion “Col di Lana”
91° Training Battalion “Lucania”
“Sassari” Mechanized Brigade in Sassari (Sardinia)
151° Infantry Regiment “Sassari” in Cagliari (Sardinia) with VCC (M113 improved)
152° Infantry Regiment “Sassari” in Sassari (Sardinia) with VCC (M113 improved)
5° Engineer Regiment in Macomer (Sardinia)
“Garibaldi” Bersaglieri Mechanized Brigade in Caserta (Campania)
131° Tank Regiment in Persano (Campania) with 54 Leopard 1
19° Cavalry Regiment “Cavalleggeri Guide” in Salerno (Campania) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
1° Bersaglieri Regiment in Cosenza (Calabria) with 50 Dardo
8° Bersaglieri Regiment in Caserta (Campania) with 50 Dardo
8° Self propelled Artillery Regiment “Pasubio” in Persano (Campania) with 32 M109/L
21° Engineer Regiment in Caserta (Campania)
“Pinerolo” Mechanized Brigade in Bari (Apulia)
31° Tank Regiment in Altamura (Apulia) with 54 Leopard 1
7° Bersaglieri Regiment in Bari (Apulia) with VCC (M113 improved)
9° Infantry Regiment “Bari” in Trani (Apulia) with VCC (M113 improved)
82° Infantry Regiment “Torino” in Barletta (Apulia) with VCC (M113 improved)
21° Self propelled Artillery Regiment “Trieste” in Foggia (Apulia) with 32 M109/L
11° Engineer Regiment in Foggia (Apulia)
“Aosta” Mechanized Brigade Messina (Sicily)
6° Cavalry Regiment “Lancieri d’Aosta” in Palermo (Sicily) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
6° Bersaglieri Regiment in Trapani (Sicily) with VCC (M113 improved)
5° Infantry Regiment “Aosta” in Messina (Sicily) with VCC (M113 improved)
62° Infantry Regiment “Sicilia” in Catania (Sicily) with VCC (M113 improved)
24° Self propelled Artillery Regiment “Peloritani” in Messina (Sicily) with 32 M109/L
4° Engineer Regiment in Palermo (Sicily)
“Granatieri di Sardegna” Mechanized Brigade in Rome (Lazio)
1° “Granatieri di Sardegna” Mechanized Infantry Regiment in Rome (Lazio) with VCC (M113 improved)
2° “Granatieri di Sardegna” Mechanized Infantry Regiment in Spoleto (Umbria) with VCC (M113 improved)
8° Cavalry Regiment “Lancieri di Montebello” in Rome (Lazio) with 50 Centauro and 33 Puma 4x4
33° Self propelled Artillery Regiment “Acqui” in l'Aquila (Abruzzi) with 32 M109/L
[edit]
CoTIE
“Comando Trasmissioni e ed Informazioni dell’Esercito” or CoTIE is the Italian Army’s Signal and Information Command, it resides in Anzio (Lazio) and consists of the following units:

Signal Brigade for Maneuver Support
2° Alpini Signal Regiment in Bolzano (South Tyrol)
7° Signal Regiment in Sacile
11° Signal Regiment in Civitavecchia (Lazio)
232° Signal Regiment in Avellino (Campania)
Signal Brigade for National Support
3° Signal Regiment in Rome (Lazio)
32° Signal Regiment in Padova (Veneto)
46° Signal Regiment in Palermo (Sicily)
RISTA EW Brigade
33° IEW Regiment “Falzarego” in Treviso (Veneto)
41° Regiment “Cordenons” in Casarsa (Friuli)
13° Battalion “Aquileia” in Anzio (Lazio)
[edit]
Army Aviation Command
The Army Aviation Command resides in Viterbo and includes the non combat flying formations of the Army (i.e. Transport Planes, support helicopters,…)

Army Aviation Instruction Center in Viterbo
1° Squadron “Auriga” in Viterbo
2° Squadron “Sestante”
21° Squadron “Orsa Maggiore” in Elmas (Cagliari) with 12 AB 205A
Army Aviation Brigade
1° Army Aviation Regiment “Antares” in Viterbo (Lazio) with 36 CH-47C "Chinook" and 24 AB 205A
2° Army Aviation Regiment “Sirio” in Lamezia Terme (Calabria) with 24 AB 206C/1
4° AVES Regiment “Altair” in Venaria (Piedmont) and Bolzano (South Tyrol) with 24 AB 205A and 24 AB 206C/1
28° Army Aviation Squadron “Tucano” in Viterbo (Lazio) with 3 Dornier DO-228 and 3 Piaggio P-180
ITALAIR Squadron in Naqoura (Lebanon) with 4 AB 205
[edit]
Air Defense Brigade

SIDAM Air Defense System4° Air Defense Regiment “Peschiera” in Mantova with 30 Hawk surface-to-air missile systems
5° Air Defense Regiment “Pescara” in Rovigo with 30 Hawk surface-to-air missile systems
17° Air Defense Regiment “Sforzesca” in Sabaudia with 16 Skyguard "Aspide", 104 SIDAM and 56 Stinger
121° Air Defense Regiment “Ravenna” in Bologna 16 Skyguard "Aspide", 104 SIDAM and 56 Stinger
[edit]
Field Artillery Brigade
2° Mountain Artillery Regiment “Vicenza” in Trento (Trentino) with 24 FH-70
5° Rocket Artillery Regiment “Superga” in Portogruaro (Veneto) with 22 MLRS
7° NBC Defense Regiment “Cremona” in Civitavecchia (Lazio) with VAB in the NBC configuration
28° Public Relations Regiment “Pavia” in Pesaro (Marche)
52° Self propelled Artillery Regiment “Torino” in Vercelli (Piedmont) with 32 M109/L
[edit]
Engineering Brigade
2° Bridge Engineers Regiment in Piacenza
6° Pioneer Engineers Regiment in Rome
Railway Engineers Regiment in Bologna
[edit]
Logistics Brigade
1° Maneuver Logistics Regiment in Rivoli
6° Maneuver Logistics Regiment in Pisa (Tuscany)
10° Maneuver Logistics Regiment in Persano (Campania)
24° Maneuver Logistics Regiment “Dolomiti” in Merano (South Tyrol)
1° Transport Regiment
6° Transport Regiment in Budrio
8° Transport Regiment in Orzano
10° Transport Regiment in Bari (Apulia)
[edit]
Support units
The following support units are not under the command of COMFOTER and their role is exclusively the support of units on Italian soil. They are commanded by various sub staffs of the SME- Army General Staff in Rome.

Training Brigade in Capua
17° Infantry Regiment “Acqui” in Capua
47° Infantry Regiment “Ferrara” in Capua
80° Infantry Regiment “Roma” in Cassino
85° Infantry Regiment “Verona” in Montorio Veronese
235° Infantry Regiment “Piceno” in Ascoli Piceno
other Training and Formation units
1° Tank Regiment in Capo Teulada (Sardinia)
1° Infantry Regiment “San Giusto” in Trieste
78° Infantry Regiment “Lupi di Toscana” in Florence
123° Infantry Regiment “Chieti” in Chieti
157° Infantry Regiment “Liguria” in Albenga
Technical Support and Repair units
Military Region North
184° Signal Support Regiment in Treviso
2° Army Aviation Support Regiment “Orione” in Bologna
3° Army Aviation Support Regiment “Aquila” in Orio al Serio
Military Region South
44° Signal Support Regiment in Rome
1° Army Aviation Support Regiment “Idra” in Bracciano
4° Army Aviation Support Regiment “Scorpione” in Viterbo
others
8° Transport Regiment “Casilina”
11° Transport Battalion “Flaminia”
57° Infantry Battalion “Abruzzi” in Rome

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